"KRIMINALISASI TERKONTROL” TERHADAP BENTUK DAN IDEOLOGI DALAM BEBERAPA FIKSI DETEKFIF INDONESIA KONTEMPORER

Aprinus Salam, Rina Zuliana

Abstract


Crime is one of the essential substances in detective fiction. This study examines the issue of crime in relation to the state, society, and individuals. It selects four detective novels: Tiga Sandera Terakhir (2015), Negara Kelima (2015), 24 Jam Bersama Gaspar (2017), and Dua Dini Hari (2019). In these novels, crime is not merely framed as an investigative model that culminates in solving a mystery; rather, it is also portrayed as an issue involving hierarchical relationships between social classes and gender. In this context, detective fiction is connected to both social and ideological phenomena. The ideology and aesthetic form of detective fiction are shaped and influenced by a mode of production and the dominant ideology within a given regime. It is undeniable that material structures significantly affect the ideology and aesthetics of contemporary Indonesian detective fiction. Crime, as a central theme in detective fiction, becomes a force linked to the context of power, which not only governs but also plays a role in enabling crime itself. The issue of crime in detective fiction does not merely represent human-to-human transgressions but also systemic crimes facilitated by the presence of various institutions. The tendency to produce such texts is undoubtedly driven and influenced by the contextual factors and issues within the text. However, authors still engage in a form of "controlled criminalization," taking into account several considerations, as will be explored in this study.

Keywords: State, Crime, Ideology, Aesthetic Form, Contemporary Indonesian Detective Fiction

 

"CONTROLLED CRIMINALIZATION" OF FORMS AND IDEOLOGIES IN SOME CONTEMPORARY INDONESIAN DETECTIVE  FICTION

Abstrak

Kriminalitas merupakan salah satu substansi penting dalam fiksi detektif. Tulisan ini melihat persoalan kriminalitas dalam relasi-relasi antara negara, masyarakat, dan individu. Kajian ini memilih empat novel detektif berjudul Tiga Sandera Terakhir (2015), Negara Kelima (2015), 24 Jam Bersama Gaspar (2017), dan Dua Dini Hari (2019). Dalam novel-novel tersebut, masalah kriminalitas tidak hanya dibingkai sebagai model investigasi yang berakhir pada pengungkapan misteri kejahatan, melainkan juga sebagai persoalan yang melibatkan hubungan hierarkis antarkelas hingga gender. Dalam konteks ini, fiksi detektif telah dihubungkan sebagai gejala sosial sekaligus ideologis. Ideologi dan bentuk estetika fiksi detektif tersebut dibentuk dan dipengaruhi oleh suatu corak produksi dan ideologi dominan dalam suatu rezim. Hal ini tidak dipungkiri bahwa struktur material sangat berpengaruh terhadap ideologi dan estetika fiksi detektif Indonesia saat ini. Bagaimana kriminalitas sebagai tema utama fiksi detektif menjadi kekuatan yang dihubungkan dengan konteks kekuasaan yang menjalankan dan turut mengoperasikan terjadinya kejahatan itu sendiri. Persoalan kriminalitas dalam fiksi detektif tidak hanya merepresentasikan kejahatan antarmanusia, melainkan kejahatan yang telah tersistem karena kehadiran institusi-institusi yang lainnya. Kecenderungan pemroduksian teks ini tentu ditengarai dan dipengaruhi oleh faktor dan permasalahan kontekstual dari teks. Namun begitu, pengarang tetap melakukan semacam “kriminalisasi terkontrol” karena mempertimbangan beberapa hal seperti dapat dilihat dalam kajian.

Kata Kunci: Negara, Kriminalitas, Ideologi, Bentuk Estetika, Fiksi Detektif Indonesia Kontemporer


Keywords


Negara, Kriminalitas, Ideologi, Bentuk Estetika, Fiksi Detektif Indonesia Kontemporer, State, Crime, Ideology, Aesthetic Form, Contemporary Indonesian Detective Fiction

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ali, A. ad S. (2012). Ideologi Gerakan Pasca-Reformasi: Gerakan-Gerakan Sosial-Politik dalam Tinjauan Ideologis. LP3ES.

Allmendinger, B. (2019). Colour Blindness, Race, and (Post)Colonial Detective Fiction Ngaio Marsh’s Colour Scheme. Journal of New Zealand Literature (JNZL), 37.1, 69–90.

Anindito, B. (2015). Tiga Sandera Terakhir. Noura Publishing.

Anugerah, B., & Endiartia, J. J. (2018). Reorientasi Identitas Demokrasi Indonesia di Era Pasca Reformasi: Sebuah Ikhtiar Mewujudkan Daulat Rakyat. Jurnal Lemhannas RI, 6(2), 23–41.

Armandio, S. (2017). 24 Jam Bersama Gaspar. Mojok.

Arriyanti, N. F. N. (2017). Narsisme dalam Novel Negara Kelima Karya Es Ito. Kandai, 9(2), 381–394.

Bientang, C. (2019). Dua Dini Hari. Noura Publishing.

Cawelti, J. G. (1976). Adventure, Mystery, and Romance: Formula Stories as Art and Popular Culture. University of Chicago Press.

D’Cruz, D. (2018). Maternal Agency, Genre Mutation, and Political Critique in Fiona Kidman’s True Stars. Journal of New Zealand Literature (JNZL), 36.1, 94–117.

Eagleton, T. (1975). Myths of Power: A Marxist Study of the Brontës. Barnes and Noble Books.

Eagleton, T. (1976). Marxism and Literary Criticism. University of California Press.

Eagleton, T. (1978). Form, Ideology and ‘the Secret Agent.’ The Sociological Review, 26(1_suppl), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.1978.tb03243.x

Eagleton, T., & Milne, D. (1996). Marxist Literary Theory: A Reader. Wiley.

Felice, W. F. (1998). Militarism and Human Rights. International Affairs, 74(1), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.00002

Foulcher, K. (2006). Clearing A Space Kritik Pasca Kolonial Tentang Sastra Indonesia Modern. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.

Guralink, D. B. (1972). Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language. World Publihing Company. https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1130282270785651712

Hansen, K. T. (2014). Postsecularism in Scandinavian Crime Fiction. Scandinavian Studies, 86(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.5406/scanstud.86.1.0001

Hühn, P. (1987). The Detective as Reader: Narrativity and Reading Concepts in Detective Fiction. MFS Modern Fiction Studies, 33(3), 451–466. https://doi.org/10.1353/mfs.0.1310

Ito, E. S. (2005). Negara Kelima. Serambi.

Jatmiko, D. (2015). Estetika Sastra Populer dalam Novel Mencari Sarang Angin Karya Suparto Brata. Jurnal Lakon, 4(1), 24–40.

Knight, S. (1980). Form and ideology in Crime Fiction. Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Moriarty, M. (2006). Ideology and literature. Journal of Political Ideologies, 11(1), 43–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/13569310500395875

Nurwahidin, Rapi, M., & Hajrah, H. (2017). Penolakan terhadap Narasi Besar dalam Novel Negara Kelima Karya E.S. Ito (Tinjauan Dekonstruksi Jacques Derrida). RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.26858/retorika.v9i1.3794

Pepper, A., & Schmid, D. (2016). Globalization and the State in Contemporary Crime Fiction: A world of Crime. Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Rahayu, M. (2018). Nationalism Discourse in Es Ito’s Negara Kelima. International Journal of Indonesian Studies, 123–133.

Suparlan, P. (2004). Masyarakat & Perkotaan: Perspektif Antropologi Perkotaan. YPKIK.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.51817/susastra.v13i2.162

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

SUSASTRA: jurnal Ilmu Susastra dan Budaya is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License


SUSASTRA: jurnal Ilmu Susastra dan Budaya Indexed in:

    

 

 

    
     
SUSASTRA: jurnal Ilmu Susastra dan Budaya diterbitkan oleh Himpunan Sarjana Kesusastraan Indonesia (HISKI), Grha STR, Jalan Ampera Raya nomor 11, Telepon (021) 7813708, Jakarta Selatan 12550

View My Stats